IOException: not create document. Error

When I prepare the example "Display PDF in assets folder (inside APK)", I face with the error of "java.io.IOException: not create document. Error". It should be generated by the code:

pdfRenderer = new PdfRenderer(fileDescriptor);

Somebody commented it's caused by new version of Gradle (ref: https://github.com/googlesamples/android-PdfRendererBasic/issues/1), so I edit dependencies of buildscript in build.gradle (Project: ...), use gradle:2.1.2 to solve this problem.

Display PDF in assets folder (inside APK)

The example "Display PDF using PdfRenderer" show how to display PDF stored in sdcard, this example show how to display PDF stored in assets inside APK.

First, you have to create assets folder and copy your PDF into it.


Then you have to edit aaptOptions in build.gradle (Module: app), not to compass "pdf" file.

    aaptOptions {
        noCompress "pdf"
    }

Layout file, refer to the example "Create PDF using PdfDocument".

MainActivity.java

package com.blogspot.android_er.androidpdf;

import android.content.res.AssetFileDescriptor;
import android.content.res.AssetManager;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.pdf.PdfRenderer;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.IOException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    ImageView pdfView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        pdfView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.pdfview);

        try {
            openPDF();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            Toast.makeText(this,
                    "Something Wrong: " + e.toString(),
                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }

    private void openPDF() throws IOException {

        //open file in assets

        AssetManager assetManager = getAssets();
        AssetFileDescriptor assetFileDescriptor = 
                assetManager.openFd("test.pdf");
        ParcelFileDescriptor fileDescriptor = 
                assetFileDescriptor.getParcelFileDescriptor();

        //open file from sdcard
        /*
        String targetPdf = "/sdcard/test.pdf";
        File file = new File(targetPdf);

        ParcelFileDescriptor fileDescriptor = null;
        fileDescriptor = ParcelFileDescriptor.open(
                file, ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_READ_ONLY);
        */

        //min. API Level 21
        PdfRenderer pdfRenderer = null;
        pdfRenderer = new PdfRenderer(fileDescriptor);

        final int pageCount = pdfRenderer.getPageCount();
        Toast.makeText(this,
                "pageCount = " + pageCount,
                Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

        //Display page 0
        PdfRenderer.Page rendererPage = pdfRenderer.openPage(1);
        int rendererPageWidth = rendererPage.getWidth();
        int rendererPageHeight = rendererPage.getHeight();
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(
                rendererPageWidth,
                rendererPageHeight,
                Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        rendererPage.render(bitmap, null, null,
                PdfRenderer.Page.RENDER_MODE_FOR_DISPLAY);

        pdfView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        rendererPage.close();

        pdfRenderer.close();

        assetFileDescriptor.close();
    }
}

Remark:If you reported with the error "java.io.IOException: not create document. Error:", read next post.

Create assets folder in Android Studio, and copy file into.

How to create assets folder in Android Studio, and copy a PDF file into the assets folder.

Create PDF using PdfDocument

android.graphics.pdf.PdfDocument enables generating a PDF document from native Android content. This example show how to create a two page PDF file using PdfDocument, store as "/sdcard/test.pdf". Then use last example Display PDF using PdfRenderer to view it.

(remark: if you use last example to view the PDF file, you have to change targetPdf = "/sdcard/test.pdf".)


MainActivity.java

package com.blogspot.android_er.androidcreatepdf;

import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.pdf.PdfDocument;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    Button btnCreate;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        btnCreate = (Button)findViewById(R.id.create);
        btnCreate.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                createPdf();
            }
        });

    }

    private void createPdf(){
        // create a new document
        PdfDocument document = new PdfDocument();

        // crate a page description
        PdfDocument.PageInfo pageInfo = 
                new PdfDocument.PageInfo.Builder(100, 100, 1).create();

        // start a page
        PdfDocument.Page page = document.startPage(pageInfo);

        Canvas canvas = page.getCanvas();

        Paint paint = new Paint();
        paint.setColor(Color.RED);

        canvas.drawCircle(50, 50, 30, paint);

        // finish the page
        document.finishPage(page);

        // Create Page 2
        pageInfo = new PdfDocument.PageInfo.Builder(500, 500, 2).create();
        page = document.startPage(pageInfo);
        canvas = page.getCanvas();
        paint = new Paint();
        paint.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        canvas.drawCircle(200, 200, 100, paint);
        document.finishPage(page);

        // write the document content
        String targetPdf = "/sdcard/test.pdf";
        File filePath = new File(targetPdf);
        try {
            document.writeTo(new FileOutputStream(filePath));
            Toast.makeText(this, "Done", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            Toast.makeText(this, "Something wrong: " + e.toString(),
                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

        // close the document
        document.close();
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="16dp"
    android:paddingLeft="16dp"
    android:paddingRight="16dp"
    android:paddingTop="16dp"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.blogspot.android_er.androidcreatepdf.MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="20dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:autoLink="web"
        android:text="http://android-er.blogspot.com/"
        android:textStyle="bold"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/create"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Create PDF"/>
</LinearLayout>

uses-permission of "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" is needed in AndroidManifest.xml.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.blogspot.android_er.androidcreatepdf">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

</manifest>

Display PDF using PdfRenderer

The class android.graphics.pdf.PdfRenderer enables rendering a PDF document. This example show how to:


MainActivity.java

package com.blogspot.android_er.androidpdf;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.pdf.PdfRenderer;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    String targetPdf = "/sdcard/MagPi54.pdf";

    ImageView pdfView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        pdfView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.pdfview);

        try {
            openPDF();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            Toast.makeText(this,
                    "Something Wrong: " + e.toString(),
                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }

    private void openPDF() throws IOException {
        File file = new File(targetPdf);

        ParcelFileDescriptor fileDescriptor = null;
        fileDescriptor = ParcelFileDescriptor.open(
                file, ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_READ_ONLY);

        //min. API Level 21
        PdfRenderer pdfRenderer = null;
        pdfRenderer = new PdfRenderer(fileDescriptor);

        final int pageCount = pdfRenderer.getPageCount();
        Toast.makeText(this,
                "pageCount = " + pageCount,
                Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

        //Display page 0
        PdfRenderer.Page rendererPage = pdfRenderer.openPage(0);
        int rendererPageWidth = rendererPage.getWidth();
        int rendererPageHeight = rendererPage.getHeight();
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(
                rendererPageWidth,
                rendererPageHeight,
                Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        rendererPage.render(bitmap, null, null,
                PdfRenderer.Page.RENDER_MODE_FOR_DISPLAY);

        pdfView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        rendererPage.close();

        pdfRenderer.close();
        fileDescriptor.close();
    }
}

layout/activity_main.xml, add a ImageView to display the PDF:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.blogspot.android_er.androidpdf.MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="20dp"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:autoLink="web"
        android:text="http://android-er.blogspot.com/"
        android:textStyle="bold"/>

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/pdfview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>

uses-permission of "android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" is needed in AndroidManifest.xml to read file from sdcard.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.blogspot.android_er.androidpdf">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

</manifest>

Next:
- Display PDF in assets folder (inside APK)

Related:
- Create PDF using PdfDocument

Change minSdkVersion, targetSdkVersion, compileSdkVersion in Android Studio

To change minSdkVersion in Android Studio:

- Right click your app -> Open Module Settings

- Select app and Flavors tab, select your new Min Sdk Version, then OK.

- minSdkVersion changed.

You can also change targetSdkVersion, compileSdkVersion (under Properties tab) also.

First try ConstraintLayout

ConstraintLayout allows you to create large and complex layouts with a flat view hierarchy (no nested view groups). It's similar to RelativeLayout in that all views are layed out according to relationships between sibling views and the parent layout, but it's more flexible than RelativeLayout and easier to use with Android Studio's Layout Editor.

To use ConstraintLayout, make sure to install Support Repository of ConstraintLayout for Android and Solver for ConstraintLayout in Android SDK Manager:

Add dependency of ConstraintLayout library in your module-level build.gradle file:

dependencies {
    compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.0-beta4'
}

In the toolbar or sync notification, click Sync Project with Gradle Files.

We can convert an existing layout to a constraint layout in Android Studio's Layout Editor:
- Open your layout in Android Studio and click the Design tab at the bottom of the editor window.
- In the Component Tree window, right-click the layout and click Convert layout to ConstraintLayout.

After finished, the helloworld default layout converted to:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.blogspot.android_er.androidconstraintlayout.MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        tools:layout_constraintTop_creator="1"
        android:layout_marginStart="16dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
        tools:layout_constraintLeft_creator="1"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

This video show howto, step-by-step:


Reference:
Build a Responsive UI with ConstraintLayout

More:
Building interfaces with ConstraintLayout in Android Studio